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The King v. Haas
''The King v. Haas'', 1 U.S. 9 (1764) is a decision of a Pennsylvania provincial court, issued when Pennsylvania was still an English colony. It is among the first decisions that appear in the first volume of ''United States Reports'', and is among the earliest surviving reports of judicial proceedings in North America. It is also one of the first attempts to apply the writ of habeas corpus, then an established principle of English law, in the English colonies that later became the first thirteen states of the United States of America.
==Colonial and early state court cases in the ''United States Reports''==
None of the decisions appearing in the first volume and most of the second volume of the ''United States Reports'' are actually decisions of the United States Supreme Court. Instead, they are decisions from various Pennsylvania courts, dating from the colonial period and the first decade after Independence. Alexander Dallas, a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania lawyer and journalist, had been in the business of reporting these cases for newspapers and periodicals. He subsequently began compiling his case reports in a bound volume, which he called “Reports of cases ruled and adjudged in the courts of Pennsylvania, before and since the Revolution”.〔Cohen, Morris and O’Connor, Sharon H. ''A Guide to the Early Reports of the Supreme Court of the United States'', (Fred B. Rothman & Co, Littleton Colorado, 1995〕 This would come to be known as the first volume of ''Dallas Reports''.
When the United States Supreme Court, along with the rest of the new Federal Government, moved in 1791 to the nation’s temporary capital in Philadelphia, Dallas was appointed the Supreme Court’s first unofficial and unpaid Supreme Court Reporter. (Court reporters in that age received no salary, but were expected to profit from the publication and sale of their compiled decisions.) Dallas continued to collect and publish Pennsylvania decisions in a second volume of his ''Reports'', and when the Supreme Court began hearing cases, he added those cases to his reports, starting towards the end of the second volume, ''2 Dallas Reports''. Dallas would go on to publish a total of 4 volumes of decisions during his tenure as Reporter.
In 1874, the U.S. government created the ''United States Reports'', and numbered the volumes previously published privately as part of that series, starting from the first volume of ''Dallas Reports''. The four volumes Dallas published were retitled volumes 1–4 of ''United States Reports''.〔Hall, Kermit, ed. ''Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States'' (Oxford 1992), pp 215, 727〕 As a result, decisions appearing in these early reports have dual citation forms; one for the volume number of the ''United States Reports'', and one for the set of reports named for the reporter (called nominative reports). For example, the complete citation to ''The King v. Haas'' is 1 U.S. 9 (1 Dallas 9) (1764).
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